neuraminic acid การใช้

• For example, N-acetyl-neuraminic acid, Neu5Ac, is typical in human glycoproteins.
• Among their many biological functions, these structures are substrates for neuraminidase enzymes which cleave neuraminic acid residues.
• The sialic acid family includes 43 derivatives of the nine-carbon sugar neuraminic acid, but these acids unusually appear free in nature.
• Polylactosamine chains on O-linked glycans are often capped by the addition of a sialic acid residue ( similar to neuraminic acid ).
• Modification reactions may involve the addition of a phosphate or acetyl group onto the sugars, or the addition of new sugars, such as neuraminic acid.
• It is usually present on cell surfaces in a cryptic form covered by N-acetyl neuraminic acid moieties and released into circulation in many different cancers.
• The symbol commonly used for neuraminic acid is "'Neu "', and the residue is typically found with additional chemical modifications in biological systems.
• The name " neuraminic acid " was introduced by German scientist E . Klenk in 1941, in reference to the brain lipids from which it was derived as a cleavage product.
• Even though the alpha and beta subunits of lysosomal hexosaminidase can both cleave GalNAc residues, only the alpha subunit is able to hydrolyze G M2 gangliosides because of a key residue, Pro-283 which is absent in the beta subunit, serves as an ideal structure for the binding of the G M2 activator protein ( G M2 AP ), and arginine is essential for binding the N-acetyl-neuraminic acid residue of G M2 gangliosides.